:root {
  --c4-paper: #ffffff;
  --c4-ink: #111111;
  --c4-soft: #f3f3f0;
  --c4-line: #c8c8c2;
  --c4-muted: #5d5d58;
  --c4-signal: #f0e900;
  --c4-coral: #ff5a1f;
  --c4-coral-text: #c9360a;
  --c4-focus: #0067ff;
  --c4-white: #ffffff;
  --c4-black: #000000;
  --c4-overlay: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.34);
  --c4-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  --c4-max: 1320px;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
}

button,
input,
textarea {
  font: inherit;
}

button,
a {
  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
}

img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
}

.c4-body {
  background: var(--c4-paper);
  color: var(--c4-ink);
  font-family: "Noto Sans KR", sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.c4-body a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.c4-skip {
  position: fixed;
  top: 10px;
  left: 10px;
  z-index: 100;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  background: var(--c4-black);
  color: var(--c4-white) !important;
  transform: translateY(-160%);
}

.c4-skip:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.c4-sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.c4-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  min-height: 76px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 32px;
  padding: 0 max(28px, calc((100vw - var(--c4-max)) / 2));
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  background: var(--c4-paper);
}

.c4-brand {
  min-height: 44px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 11px;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 900;
}

.c4-brand-mark {
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border: 3px solid var(--c4-coral);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.c4-brand-mark span {
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  border: 2px solid var(--c4-coral);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.c4-nav {
  justify-self: end;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 30px;
}

.c4-nav a {
  min-width: 46px;
  min-height: 44px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 0 9px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
  border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;
}

.c4-nav a:hover,
.c4-nav a:focus-visible {
  border-bottom-color: var(--c4-coral);
}

.c4-nav .c4-nav-compare {
  min-width: auto;
  padding: 0 16px;
  border: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-menu-button {
  width: 46px;
  height: 46px;
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  border-radius: 0;
  background: var(--c4-paper);
  color: var(--c4-ink);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.c4-menu-button svg,
.c4-button svg,
.c4-text-link svg,
.c4-story-cta svg,
.c4-row-action svg {
  width: 19px;
  height: 19px;
  stroke-width: 2;
}

.c4-hero {
  min-height: 700px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 140px minmax(420px, 0.9fr) minmax(500px, 1.15fr);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-issue-rail {
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 40px 18px 26px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  background: var(--c4-signal);
  border-right: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono", monospace;
  text-align: center;
}

.c4-issue-rail span,
.c4-issue-rail small {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.c4-issue-rail strong {
  font-family: "Archivo Black", sans-serif;
  font-size: 104px;
  line-height: 0.9;
  writing-mode: vertical-rl;
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.c4-hero-copy {
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 78px 52px 64px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-kicker {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  color: var(--c4-coral-text);
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.c4-hero-copy h1 {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "Archivo Black", "Noto Sans KR", sans-serif;
  font-size: 64px;
  font-weight: 900;
  line-height: 1.17;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.c4-hero-copy > p:not(.c4-kicker) {
  max-width: 620px;
  margin: 32px 0 0;
  color: var(--c4-muted);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.8;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.c4-actions {
  margin-top: 40px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 24px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.c4-button {
  min-height: 50px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 0 20px;
  border: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  border-radius: 0;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.c4-button-dark {
  background: var(--c4-ink);
  color: var(--c4-white) !important;
}

.c4-button-dark:hover {
  background: var(--c4-coral);
  border-color: var(--c4-coral);
}

.c4-text-link {
  min-height: 48px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-hero-media {
  position: relative;
  min-width: 0;
  min-height: 700px;
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-hero-media img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

.c4-hero-media figcaption {
  position: absolute;
  right: 24px;
  bottom: 24px;
  left: 24px;
  padding: 18px 20px;
  display: grid;
  gap: 5px;
  background: var(--c4-paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-hero-media figcaption span {
  color: var(--c4-coral-text);
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.c4-hero-media figcaption strong {
  font-family: "Noto Serif KR", serif;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.c4-ticker {
  min-height: 58px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-around;
  gap: 26px;
  padding: 0 28px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--c4-ink);
  color: var(--c4-white);
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.c4-ticker span::before {
  content: "";
  width: 7px;
  height: 7px;
  display: inline-block;
  margin-right: 16px;
  background: var(--c4-signal);
}

.c4-featured,
.c4-archive,
.c4-community,
.c4-subscribe {
  padding: 112px max(28px, calc((100vw - var(--c4-max)) / 2));
}

.c4-section-heading {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(360px, 1fr) minmax(320px, 0.75fr);
  gap: 80px;
  align-items: end;
  margin-bottom: 52px;
}

.c4-section-heading h2,
.c4-archive-top h2,
.c4-community h2,
.c4-subscribe h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "Archivo Black", "Noto Sans KR", sans-serif;
  font-size: 46px;
  line-height: 1.25;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.c4-section-heading > p,
.c4-community-heading > p:not(.c4-kicker) {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--c4-muted);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.8;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.c4-editorial-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.5fr) minmax(330px, 0.72fr);
  gap: 24px;
}

.c4-lead-story,
.c4-side-story {
  min-width: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  background: var(--c4-paper);
  transition: transform 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease;
}

.c4-lead-story:hover,
.c4-side-story:hover {
  transform: translate(-4px, -4px);
  box-shadow: 8px 8px 0 var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-lead-story:focus-visible,
.c4-side-story:focus-visible,
.c4-archive-row:focus-visible,
.c4-body button:focus-visible,
.c4-body input:focus-visible,
.c4-body textarea:focus-visible,
.c4-body a:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--c4-focus);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.c4-lead-story {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: minmax(360px, 1fr) auto;
}

.c4-lead-story > img {
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 360px;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.c4-story-copy {
  padding: 34px;
}

.c4-story-meta {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.c4-story-meta span:first-child,
.c4-label {
  display: inline-flex;
  width: fit-content;
  padding: 4px 7px;
  background: var(--c4-signal);
  color: var(--c4-ink);
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.c4-story-copy h3 {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 22px 0 0;
  font-family: "Noto Serif KR", serif;
  font-size: 32px;
  line-height: 1.45;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.c4-story-copy p {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  color: var(--c4-muted);
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.c4-story-cta {
  min-height: 44px;
  margin-top: 24px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 800;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-side-stories {
  min-width: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: 1.15fr 0.85fr;
  gap: 24px;
}

.c4-side-story-image {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: minmax(230px, 1fr) auto;
}

.c4-side-story-image img {
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 230px;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.c4-side-story-image > div,
.c4-side-story-text {
  padding: 28px;
}

.c4-side-story h3 {
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  font-family: "Noto Serif KR", serif;
  font-size: 24px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.c4-side-story-text {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: space-between;
  background: var(--c4-coral);
}

.c4-side-story-text .c4-label {
  background: var(--c4-paper);
}

.c4-side-story-text strong {
  margin: 28px 0;
  font-family: "Archivo Black", "Noto Sans KR", sans-serif;
  font-size: 30px;
  line-height: 1.35;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.c4-archive {
  background: var(--c4-soft);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-archive-top {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(420px, 1fr) auto;
  gap: 50px;
  align-items: end;
  margin-bottom: 54px;
}

.c4-filter {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  border: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-filter button {
  min-width: 72px;
  min-height: 46px;
  padding: 0 15px;
  border: 0;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  border-radius: 0;
  background: var(--c4-paper);
  color: var(--c4-ink);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 700;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.c4-filter button:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.c4-filter button.is-active {
  background: var(--c4-ink);
  color: var(--c4-white);
}

.c4-archive-list {
  border-top: 2px solid var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-archive-row {
  min-height: 104px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 70px 150px minmax(0, 1fr) 54px;
  gap: 18px;
  align-items: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  transition: background 160ms ease;
}

.c4-archive-row:hover {
  background: var(--c4-signal);
}

.c4-row-number {
  font-family: "Archivo Black", sans-serif;
  font-size: 27px;
}

.c4-row-topic {
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.c4-archive-row strong {
  font-family: "Noto Serif KR", serif;
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.45;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.c4-row-action {
  width: 46px;
  height: 46px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
}

.c4-empty {
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  padding: 28px;
  border: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  background: var(--c4-paper);
}

.c4-community {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(320px, 0.8fr) minmax(440px, 1.2fr);
  gap: 90px;
  align-items: start;
}

.c4-community-heading {
  position: sticky;
  top: 112px;
}

.c4-community-heading h2 {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.c4-comment-form {
  padding: 34px;
  border: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  box-shadow: 10px 10px 0 var(--c4-signal);
}

.c4-comment-form label,
.c4-subscribe label {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.c4-comment-form textarea {
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 150px;
  padding: 16px;
  resize: vertical;
  border: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  border-radius: 0;
  background: var(--c4-paper);
  color: var(--c4-ink);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.c4-comment-form > div {
  min-height: 58px;
  margin-top: 18px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 20px;
}

.c4-comment-form p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--c4-muted);
  font-size: 13px;
}

.c4-subscribe {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(340px, 0.85fr) minmax(420px, 1.15fr);
  gap: 90px;
  align-items: end;
  background: var(--c4-ink);
  color: var(--c4-white);
}

.c4-subscribe .c4-kicker {
  color: var(--c4-signal);
}

.c4-email-row {
  min-height: 64px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 64px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--c4-white);
}

.c4-email-row input {
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 0 14px;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--c4-white);
  font-size: 20px;
  outline: 0;
}

.c4-email-row input::placeholder {
  color: var(--c4-line);
}

.c4-email-row button {
  width: 64px;
  height: 64px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: var(--c4-signal);
  color: var(--c4-ink);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.c4-email-row button svg {
  width: 24px;
  height: 24px;
}

.c4-form-note,
.c4-form-status {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  color: var(--c4-line);
  font-size: 12px;
}

.c4-form-status {
  min-height: 20px;
  color: var(--c4-signal);
}

.c4-footer {
  min-height: 76px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  padding: 0 max(28px, calc((100vw - var(--c4-max)) / 2));
  border-top: 1px solid var(--c4-line);
  background: var(--c4-ink);
  color: var(--c4-line);
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 11px;
}

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .c4-header {
    padding: 0 24px;
  }

  .c4-nav {
    gap: 18px;
  }

  .c4-hero {
    grid-template-columns: 108px minmax(0, 1fr);
  }

  .c4-hero-copy {
    border-right: 0;
  }

  .c4-hero-media {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    min-height: 420px;
    height: 420px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  }

  .c4-issue-rail {
    grid-row: 1;
  }

  .c4-hero-copy h1 {
    font-size: 58px;
  }

  .c4-featured,
  .c4-archive,
  .c4-community,
  .c4-subscribe {
    padding: 92px 32px;
  }

  .c4-editorial-grid {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.2fr) minmax(280px, 0.8fr);
  }

  .c4-section-heading,
  .c4-community,
  .c4-subscribe {
    gap: 50px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .c4-nav {
    position: absolute;
    top: 75px;
    right: 0;
    left: 0;
    display: none;
    padding: 18px 24px 24px;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 4px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
    background: var(--c4-paper);
  }

  .c4-nav.is-open {
    display: flex;
  }

  .c4-nav a {
    padding: 0 8px;
  }

  .c4-menu-button {
    display: inline-flex;
  }

  .c4-hero-copy {
    padding: 64px 38px;
  }

  .c4-hero-copy h1 {
    font-size: 52px;
  }

  .c4-section-heading,
  .c4-archive-top,
  .c4-community,
  .c4-subscribe {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .c4-section-heading,
  .c4-archive-top {
    gap: 30px;
  }

  .c4-editorial-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .c4-side-stories {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    grid-template-rows: auto;
  }

  .c4-community-heading {
    position: static;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .c4-header {
    min-height: 68px;
    padding: 0 18px;
  }

  .c4-nav {
    top: 67px;
  }

  .c4-brand {
    font-size: 13px;
  }

  .c4-hero {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .c4-issue-rail {
    min-height: 58px;
    padding: 0 18px;
    flex-direction: row;
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  }

  .c4-issue-rail strong {
    font-size: 34px;
    writing-mode: initial;
    transform: none;
  }

  .c4-hero-copy {
    padding: 52px 22px 48px;
  }

  .c4-hero-copy h1 {
    font-size: 42px;
    line-height: 1.2;
  }

  .c4-hero-copy > p:not(.c4-kicker) {
    margin-top: 24px;
    font-size: 16px;
  }

  .c4-actions {
    margin-top: 30px;
    align-items: stretch;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 10px;
  }

  .c4-text-link {
    width: fit-content;
  }

  .c4-hero-media {
    min-height: 380px;
    height: 380px;
  }

  .c4-hero-media figcaption {
    right: 14px;
    bottom: 14px;
    left: 14px;
    padding: 14px;
  }

  .c4-ticker {
    justify-content: flex-start;
  }

  .c4-featured,
  .c4-archive,
  .c4-community,
  .c4-subscribe {
    padding: 76px 20px;
  }

  .c4-section-heading {
    margin-bottom: 34px;
  }

  .c4-section-heading h2,
  .c4-archive-top h2,
  .c4-community h2,
  .c4-subscribe h2 {
    font-size: 36px;
  }

  .c4-lead-story {
    grid-template-rows: 280px auto;
  }

  .c4-lead-story > img {
    min-height: 280px;
  }

  .c4-story-copy,
  .c4-side-story-image > div,
  .c4-side-story-text {
    padding: 22px;
  }

  .c4-story-copy h3 {
    font-size: 25px;
  }

  .c4-side-stories {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .c4-side-story-text {
    min-height: 330px;
  }

  .c4-filter {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .c4-filter button {
    border-right: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--c4-ink);
  }

  .c4-filter button:nth-child(2n) {
    border-right: 0;
  }

  .c4-filter button:nth-last-child(-n + 2) {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  .c4-archive-row {
    min-height: 132px;
    grid-template-columns: 44px 1fr 46px;
    gap: 12px;
    padding: 14px 0;
  }

  .c4-row-topic {
    grid-column: 2;
    grid-row: 1;
  }

  .c4-archive-row strong {
    grid-column: 2;
    grid-row: 2;
    font-size: 18px;
  }

  .c4-row-number {
    grid-row: 1 / 3;
  }

  .c4-row-action {
    grid-column: 3;
    grid-row: 1 / 3;
  }

  .c4-comment-form {
    padding: 22px;
    box-shadow: 6px 6px 0 var(--c4-signal);
  }

  .c4-comment-form > div {
    align-items: stretch;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .c4-email-row input {
    font-size: 17px;
  }

  .c4-footer {
    padding: 24px 20px;
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  .c4-lead-story,
  .c4-side-story {
    transition: none;
  }
}